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Capability Maturity Model
Software Engineering Institute's Capability Maturity Model is a framework that defines the key elements of an effective software process. It describes an evolutionary improvement path from an ad hoc, immature process to a mature, disciplined process.

CE Mark
CE Mark is a visible declaration by the manufacturer (or his representative, importer, etc.) that the equipment which is marked complies with all the requirements of all the applicable European Union (EU) directives.

CHAID
Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection is a statistical technique used to segment customers on the basis of multiple alternative variables. The analysis creates a segmentation tree and continues to add different variables (branches), to the tree as long as it is statistically significant.

Characteristic
a distinguishing feature of a process or its output.

Characteristic Matrix
An analytical technique for displaying the relationship between process parameters and manufacturing stations.

Check Sheet
A simple data recording device - this helps delineate important items and characteristics to direct attention to them and verify they are evaluated.

Collaborative Sketch (C-Sketch)
is similar to Method 635, except that its starting point is the initial presentation of a single design concept, as a sketch, by each of the team members.

Combinatorial Optimization
The efficient allocation of limited resources to yield the best solution to meet the objectives when the values of some or all of the variables must be integers and there are many possible combinations.

Conformance
Means that the material meets the customer's specifications and requirements.

Confounding
allowing two or more variables to vary together so that it is impossible to separate their unique effects. If an experiment does not vary x and y separately then the effects of the two factors cannot be distinguished. Blocking may be used to separate these effects where one is expected to be a critical X and one appears to be noise. The main effects and interactions can be confounded in order to reduce the number of runs in a fractional factorial design of experiments.

Conjoint Analysis
involves measurement of psychological judgments (such as one's preferences) or perceived similarities or differences between alternatives (for example - which factors - price, quality, dealer location - are most important to customers when buying a new car).

Conjoint Measurement
the difference from conjoint analysis is that it permits the use of rating when evaluating pairs of attributes or attribute profiles.

Constraint Analysis
The use of one or more constraint satisfaction algorithms to specify the set of feasible solutions. Constraints are programmed in rules or procedures that produce solutions to particular configuration and design problems using one or more constraint satisfaction algorithms.

Contingency Table
a two-dimensional table constructed for classifying count data, the purpose of which is to determine whether two variables are dependent (or contingent) on each other.

Control Charts
Based on the statistical variation of any process - control charts help focus on stability of a process.

Control Plans
Control Plans are written descriptions of the systems for controlling parts and processes. They are written by suppliers to address the important characteristics and engineering requirements of the product. Each part shall have a Control Plan, but in many cases, "family" Control Plans can cover a number of parts produced using a common process. Customer approval of Control Plans may be required prior to production part submission.

Corrective Action Plan
A Corrective Action Plan is a plan for correcting a process or part quality issue.

Cost of Quality
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Critical Characteristics
Critical Characteristics are those product requirements (dimensions, performance tests) or process parameters that can affect compliance with government regulations of safe vehicle/product function and which require specific supplier, assembly, shipping, or monitoring and inclusion on Control Plans. Critical characteristics are identified with the inverted delta symbol.

CUMulative SUM Charts
a control chart approach that uses the current and recent past process data to detect small to moderate shifts in the process average or variability. CUSUM stands for "cumulative sum" of deviations from the target and puts equal weight on the current and recent past data.

Customer Satisfaction Index(American)
Introduced in 1994 by University of Michigan's Ross School of Business - (A)CSI measures customer satisfaction at national level. CSI has been on a continual decline from 1994 through 1997 suggesting that quality improvements are not keeping pace with consumer expectations.

Cycle Line Layout (CLL)
CLL provides a visual overview (to depict opportunities to eliminate waste, which enables process optimization) of a manufacturing process including - Operator Type (Direct/Indirect) and Percentage Utilization of Direct Labor, Operator Density by Workstation, Station Pitch, Line Side Layout including stock & stock storage methods & Identification of main fixed facilities.

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